Which movement depicts humans shaped by environment, heredity, and social conditions beyond their control?

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Naturalism centers on how life is shaped by forces beyond a person’s control—environment, heredity, and social conditions—presenting characters as products of those forces rather than as free agents. In naturalist works, individuals often seem trapped by poverty, urban pressures, or biological factors, and the narrative tends to adopt an objective, almost scientific tone to highlight determinism. The description in the question fits this movement, showing humans molded by external circumstances rather than by free choice. By contrast, time and the past focus on history and memory, local color emphasizes regional setting and speech, and illusion vs reality concerns perception and truth—none of which center on the deterministic influence of environment, heredity, and social conditions in shaping a person.